| 翻訳と辞書 |
List of cloud types
The list of cloud types is a summarisation of the modern system of cloud classification according to their height, forming mechanism and other characteristics that have been adopted universally. In the troposphere, there are ten basic genus types with Latin names derived from five physical ''forms'' that are cross-classified into ''étages'' defined by altitude range. Most genera are divided into ''species'' and ''varieties'', also with Latin names. The essentials of the modern nomenclature system for tropospheric clouds were proposed by Luke Howard, a British manufacturing chemist and an amateur meteorologist with broad interests in science, in an 1802 presentation to the Askesian Society. Since 1890, clouds have been classified and illustrated in cloud atlases. Mesospheric and stratospheric clouds have their own classifications of types and subtypes using mostly alpha-numeric nomenclature.
== Formation of clouds==
Clouds form in the Earth's atmosphere when water evaporates into vapor from oceans, lakes, ponds, and even streams and rivers; and by evaporation or transpiration over moist areas of Earth's land surface. The vapor rises up into colder areas of the atmosphere due to convective, orographic, or frontal lifting. This subjects the rising air to a process called adiabatic cooling.
The water vapor attaches itself to condensation nuclei which can be anything from dust to microscopic particles of salt and debris. Once the vapor has been cooled to saturation, the cloud becomes visible. All weather-producing clouds form in the troposphere, the lowest major layer of the atmosphere. However very small amounts of water vapor can be found higher up in the stratosphere and mesosphere and may condense into very thin clouds if the air temperatures are sufficiently cold. The nephology branch of meteorology is focused on the study of cloud physics.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「List of cloud types」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|